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#31
The Colosseum / Re: Dictatorship In Michigan?
Last post by donkey - May 24, 2012, 03:10:05 AMQuote from: rags on April 10, 2012, 11:51:59 PM
... Also, I would like to know if a state ultimately becomes responsible for the debt incurred,
by a cities fiscal mismanagement?...
This would only be in the case of "underlying debt" which is generally (though not always) when a municipality issues a bond that is guaranteed by the state (or provincial in my case) government. There are also certain "overlapping debt" scenarios in which both governments are responsible for all debt incurred in bonds issued to finance an area of joint responsibility, in that case the default of one government places the entire debt on the other. However, outside of a few very specific cases, the state is not responsible to back any bonds issued by a municipality.
#32
The Colosseum / Re: Dictatorship In Michigan?
Last post by NPNW - May 24, 2012, 02:10:59 AMI've heard in Michigan that they may un-incorporate the cities and let them be un-incorporated, or incorporated into other cities. As to their bond debt that would be the responsibility of the city that issued it, unless they want to take over that debt. Otherwise I don't believe that they have to be responsible for it.
Harrisburg, could disappear if they wanted to. Also don't care for the fact that teachers are working for no pay in Pennsylvania, while they privatize the schools.
Harrisburg, could disappear if they wanted to. Also don't care for the fact that teachers are working for no pay in Pennsylvania, while they privatize the schools.
#33
The Colosseum / Re: American health (no) care ...
Last post by NPNW - May 24, 2012, 02:02:07 AMDonkey,
Things are much worse. Now with the republicans requiring 61 votes in the senate to get anything passed. Unlimited funds in politics, mostly on the Republican side. The supreme court more right than neutral with 2 openly going to republican political meetings. i think it was thomas, and kennedy if I remember correctly.
Things are much worse. Now with the republicans requiring 61 votes in the senate to get anything passed. Unlimited funds in politics, mostly on the Republican side. The supreme court more right than neutral with 2 openly going to republican political meetings. i think it was thomas, and kennedy if I remember correctly.
#34
The Soap Box / Re: Software job did not make ...
Last post by NPNW - May 24, 2012, 01:37:04 AMI was once told we could triple our output! Without increasing hours, or number of employees. I asked which genius came up with this idea, and he could demonstrate it first by example.
Everyone left, and we were replaced by minimum wage people. They never did get triple the output, and management still sucked years later, before they went out of business.
Everyone left, and we were replaced by minimum wage people. They never did get triple the output, and management still sucked years later, before they went out of business.
#35
The Campus / Re: FPU - How to test for infi...
Last post by raymond - May 24, 2012, 01:02:24 AMFrom the description of the Status Word,
Which means that if you check for an invalid operation at the end of a series of FPU instructions, that flag could have been raised by any of those previous instructions and not necessarily by the last one. When you need to find where the invalid operation occurs, you need to check for it after each operation which could be the culprit. If you are not entirely sure if an instruction could be the source of an invalid operation, you will have to verify its description; there are too many of those to list here.
A result of infinity would cause an Overflow exception but not always raise the Invalid Operation flag. Dividing by 0 would also raise the Divide-by-zero flag but not the Invalid Operation flag unless the value you are trying to divide is also 0.
QuoteBits 6-0 are flags raised by the FPU whenever it detects an exception. Those exception flags are cumulative in the sense that, once set (bit=1), they are not reset (bit=0) by the result of a subsequent instruction which, by itself, would not have raised that flag. Those flags can only be reset by either initializing the FPU (FINIT instruction) or by explicitly clearing those flags (FCLEX instruction).
Which means that if you check for an invalid operation at the end of a series of FPU instructions, that flag could have been raised by any of those previous instructions and not necessarily by the last one. When you need to find where the invalid operation occurs, you need to check for it after each operation which could be the culprit. If you are not entirely sure if an instruction could be the source of an invalid operation, you will have to verify its description; there are too many of those to list here.
A result of infinity would cause an Overflow exception but not always raise the Invalid Operation flag. Dividing by 0 would also raise the Divide-by-zero flag but not the Invalid Operation flag unless the value you are trying to divide is also 0.
#36
The Campus / Re: BitBlt Motion
Last post by dedndave - May 23, 2012, 10:28:50 PM #37
The Campus / FPU - How to test for infinity
Last post by RuiLoureiro - May 23, 2012, 09:13:40 PMHi,
After some operations
when i retrieve exception flags from FPU
it gives me invalid operation.
I want to know if it is infinity
or another case. Can i know the case ?
How to do that ?
In this particular case the factors are
X=3 and Y=11623334155587.786 and it seems
that the result is infinity
Thanks
After some operations
when i retrieve exception flags from FPU
it gives me invalid operation.
I want to know if it is infinity
or another case. Can i know the case ?
How to do that ?
In this particular case the factors are
X=3 and Y=11623334155587.786 and it seems
that the result is infinity
Thanks
Quote
fstsw ax ;retrieve exception flags from FPU
fwait
shr al,1 ;test for invalid operation
jc short _error
#38
The Campus / Re: The calculator
Last post by RuiLoureiro - May 23, 2012, 07:01:35 PMHi all,
3 things:
1. calcula46 doesnt solve some expressions
and i want it should solve any expression
and i need to lose some time testing all
that cases and cleaning some code to
get the best code to do each task.
To do this work i have a separated file
with a lot of procedures to test and to
follow each calculation step. I lose
some time writing these particular procedures.
2. Now, calcula47 solves chains of powers
or exponentials and powers of rational
numbers
3. The bigest problem i had to solve till now
was exponentials or powers and chains of
powers. I remember that the arguments or
factors can be pi,+pi,-pi,e,+e,-e, scientific
notation, integers, any real number, expressions
inside brackets or functions or functions
inside functions
**** Here is calcula47 v1.07 ****
1. exponential or power of rational number
How to calculate (expression)^(N/K)
where N and K are integers ?
Now, when we type any expression inside
brackets followed by "^" and
followed by brackets, the calculator
try to decode the last as integers N
or N and K.
So, now we can solve (log(3)-1)^(1/3)
(=-0.805626350626199)
or (log(3)-1)^(-1/3) = -1.241270223128524
or (log(3)-1)^(1/-3) = -1.241270223128524
2. chains of exponentials or powers
How to calculate
real1^real2^real3^...^realN ?
where real1,real2,...,realN are any real number ?
Now, we can solve expressions like this:
Examples:
1) (-3.573718205179228E-0017)^(-3/5)= -7381214348.06242
2+(log(3)^2)^(6/3) = 2.051822105661585
2+(log(3)^2)^(1/3) = 2.610593967460875
(cos(pi/3)^2+sin(3*pi/2)^2)^(1/3) = 1.077217345015942
2*(log(2)-log(3)^2^3)^(1/3)+1 = 2.33639853443889
When the value is infinity it gives ERROR
2)
2^-2.21E-3^log(2)^+2e2^-pi = 0.998469317422371
2^-2.21E-3^log(2)^2e-2^-pi = 0.5
2^e^log(2)^-e^-pi = 7.295225269786005
2*(3-2^3^log(5*log(3)+1)^2^3^log(3)^2^3)^(1/2) / (log(2)+2^3^log(3)^2^3)
= 0.571196983587843
Try it and say something.
Good luck !
Thanks
Rui Loureiro
EDIT: note that, to solve 2^3^4^5, the calculator
starts by 4^5 = x, next 3^x=y, next 2^y.
3 things:
1. calcula46 doesnt solve some expressions
and i want it should solve any expression
and i need to lose some time testing all
that cases and cleaning some code to
get the best code to do each task.
To do this work i have a separated file
with a lot of procedures to test and to
follow each calculation step. I lose
some time writing these particular procedures.
2. Now, calcula47 solves chains of powers
or exponentials and powers of rational
numbers
3. The bigest problem i had to solve till now
was exponentials or powers and chains of
powers. I remember that the arguments or
factors can be pi,+pi,-pi,e,+e,-e, scientific
notation, integers, any real number, expressions
inside brackets or functions or functions
inside functions
**** Here is calcula47 v1.07 ****
1. exponential or power of rational number
How to calculate (expression)^(N/K)
where N and K are integers ?
Now, when we type any expression inside
brackets followed by "^" and
followed by brackets, the calculator
try to decode the last as integers N
or N and K.
So, now we can solve (log(3)-1)^(1/3)
(=-0.805626350626199)
or (log(3)-1)^(-1/3) = -1.241270223128524
or (log(3)-1)^(1/-3) = -1.241270223128524
2. chains of exponentials or powers
How to calculate
real1^real2^real3^...^realN ?
where real1,real2,...,realN are any real number ?
Now, we can solve expressions like this:
Examples:
1) (-3.573718205179228E-0017)^(-3/5)= -7381214348.06242
2+(log(3)^2)^(6/3) = 2.051822105661585
2+(log(3)^2)^(1/3) = 2.610593967460875
(cos(pi/3)^2+sin(3*pi/2)^2)^(1/3) = 1.077217345015942
2*(log(2)-log(3)^2^3)^(1/3)+1 = 2.33639853443889
When the value is infinity it gives ERROR
2)
2^-2.21E-3^log(2)^+2e2^-pi = 0.998469317422371
2^-2.21E-3^log(2)^2e-2^-pi = 0.5
2^e^log(2)^-e^-pi = 7.295225269786005
2*(3-2^3^log(5*log(3)+1)^2^3^log(3)^2^3)^(1/2) / (log(2)+2^3^log(3)^2^3)
= 0.571196983587843
Try it and say something.
Good luck !
Thanks
Rui Loureiro
EDIT: note that, to solve 2^3^4^5, the calculator
starts by 4^5 = x, next 3^x=y, next 2^y.
#39
The Campus / Re: Help, creating a Malloc fu...
Last post by RHL - May 23, 2012, 04:04:33 PMperfect! thanks a lot, dave :bg
#40
The Campus / Re: Help, creating a Malloc fu...
Last post by dedndave - May 23, 2012, 12:28:20 PMyou should only use HeapDestroy when you are done using the heap created by HeapCreate
there is no need to use either of these functions
when you call HeapFree, the first parameter should be the heap handle - not the allocated block
for such small allocations, you could just use the stack or the uninitialized data section :P
there is no need to use either of these functions
when you call HeapFree, the first parameter should be the heap handle - not the allocated block
for such small allocations, you could just use the stack or the uninitialized data section :P
Code Select
include masm32rt.inc
mymalloc proto :DWORD
myfree proto :DWORD
.data
hmyHeap dd 0
mtest db "test, testtttt dj a test ",0
hMylp1 dd 0
hMylp2 dd 0
.code
main:
call InitHeap
;I need to 300h bytes
invoke mymalloc,300h
mov hMylp1,eax
invoke RtlMoveMemory,eax,addr mtest,10
invoke mymalloc,200h
mov hMylp2,eax
invoke RtlMoveMemory,eax,addr mtest+10,10
; free memory 1
invoke myfree, hMylp1
; free memory 2
invoke myfree, hMylp2
InitHeap proc
invoke GetProcessHeap
mov hmyHeap,eax
ret
InitHeap endp
mymalloc proc Memsize:DWORD
invoke HeapAlloc,hmyheap,HEAP_ZERO_MEMORY,Memsize
ret
mymalloc endp
myfree proc hAlloc:DWORD
invoke HeapFree,hmyHeap,NULL,hAlloc
ret
myfree endp
end main